Greek and Roman Architechture - 860 Words

From the Parthenon to De Architectura written by the Roman Architect Vitruvius, major developments in Architecture emerged from the Greeks from third century B.C. and by the Romans up until early century A.D. from style, design, purpose, and innovative ideas. While ranging from the Greeks’ emphasis on lighting and proportions, to the Romans who preferred big, massive, and impressive structures such as the Coliseum in Rome and the Temple of Zeus in Athens, both civilizations are a model even in today’s world. When it comes to creating massive, impressive, and near perfect architectural structures, the Greeks and Romans were some of the best. But how impressive were these societies in a sense of Architecture? While the Greeks mainly thrived culturally as well as architecturally speaking between the time period of 900 BC until the 1st century AD, some of the earliest structural works date back to 600 BC. The Greeks built many structures during their time with the most pr oduced and most well known being their temples and theatres. The Greeks were one of the most fascinating civilizations back in the ancient world. Two of the most important things in their eyes was worshiping and idolizing their many gods and goddesses as well as their love for theatre. The Greeks believed that the gods deserved a earthly home just as they do, which led to the construction of many temples, mostly dedicated to one god/goddess apiece. One of their most well known temples today is theShow MoreRelated The Settlement and Innovations of Ancient Rome Essay715 Words   |  3 Pagesand by granting citizenship to conquered tribes, the city joined all of Italy south of the Po in the 100-year period before 268 BC. First, the Latin and other tribes were joined, then the Etruscans (a civili zed people north of Rome) and the Greek colonies in the south. With a large army and several hundred thousand in reserve, Rome defeated Carthage in the 3 Punic Wars, 264-241, 218-201, 149-146, (despite the invasion of Italy by Hannibal, 218), therefore gaining territory in Spain andRead MoreAncient Egypt : Ancient Egyptian Art1308 Words   |  6 Pages Religious Architechture in ancient Egypt Egyptian art has journeyed through the centuries as one of the most influential phenomenon in human civilization. From the Greeks to the Romans to the people of today, Egyptians and their beautiful representations in art and architecture have proven a legacy in the creations of certain landmarks, statues, and even advertisements. The Greeks derived many of their statues from Egyptian sculptures, such as the Kouros 600 B.C. The Roman emperor Augustus

History Behind The Gun Control - 2680 Words

History Behind The Guns, What Has Caused Gun Control Gun control in America dates all the way back to 1791, the year that the countries Bill of Rights was signed and put into place.(â€Å"Gun Control And Gun Rights†, 2015) This bill was put into place for numerous reasons, but mainly it was to better and help insure the people’s rights. One of the rights in this bill is the right to bear arms or the second amendment to the Constitution. This Right has been a challenging one as of late. The control of firearms has largely been because of events in the history of the nation of America and slightly from politicians and everyday people that just want to have a false sense of security and feel a little safer. To start with one of the biggest reasons why the United States is really trying to control guns is because of the notorious Al Capone. As many would say, especially back in the 1920’s, the most â€Å"infamous† gangster in American history or Al Capone is most well known for his acts of violence against other gangsters.(â€Å"Al Capone†, 2016) In 1929 Capone had Jack Mcgurn, a hitman, pose as a police officer and kill seven men from a rival gang.(â€Å"Al Capone†, 2016) After this â€Å"Valentine s Day Massacre† there was a lot of heat on Capone and co. and President Hoover called for the government to finally catch and jail him for tax evasion.(â€Å"Al Capone†, 2016) Capone was eventually arrested and jailed and in from 1934 to 1938 President Franklin Roosevelt imposed numerous new penalties onShow MoreRelatedThe Rights Of A Free State1118 Words   |  5 Pagesan abundance of history behind the Second Amendment. Over this time period, there have been several historical court cases that involve supporting and opposing the Second Amendment. Even today, there is still a controversial debate over the Second Amendment, and whether to allow the right to bear arms, and what the amendment translates to. Through out times past, the Second Amendment has been a prodigious part of the American culture, everyday life, and history. The history behind the Second AmendmentRead MoreThe Effects Of Gun Control On The United States1154 Words   |  5 PagesOne of the biggest debates in the world ever known for today is the restriction on gun control and weather or not government and Obama should take away gun control or leave it alone. Just since 2013, there have been over 143 school shootings in the United States. Just in 2015, there has been over 45 school shootings in the United States. In some states, new laws have been added stating that if you’re going to buy a gun, you will need a background check. They do this for the safety of other people butRead MoreGun Control859 Words   |  4 PagesScholarly Essay: Gun Control There has been considerable debate recently in Canada over the issue of gun control. The Canadian parliament enacted the Firearms Act to enforce gun control by requiring gun owners to register their firearms. Just recently, the government of Alberta lead in a charge, including five other provinces and numerous pro-gun groups, complaining that the law is unconst... Gun Control Gun control Gun Control Part I:Introduction The issue of gun control and violenceRead MoreStronger Gun Control Will Save Lives an Article by Christine Watkins876 Words   |  4 PagesGun Control in America is seen as ineffective, citizens believe gun control laws in place are not protecting lives, but taking them away. In order to solve this problem, many think more laws should be put in place. By doing so, they believe guns would no longer be in the hands of criminals and lives would not be ended before their time. In Christine Watkins’s article, â€Å"Stronger Gun Control Will Save Lives† She explains that if guns were objects that truly kept us safe, America would be the safestRead MorePersuasive Speech: Against Gun Control Essay672 Words   |  3 Pageseach individual must take responsibility for his or her own actions. The must not blame guns for problems caused by people. . . Attention Grabber: Gun control isnt about guns, its about control . Body of Speech . Id like to readRead MoreThe Dichotomy Over Civilian Gun Control1256 Words   |  6 PagesStates has been split by a dichotomy over civilian gun control. â€Å"Gun control is the term used to describe how firearms may be legally produced, sold, and used,† (Gale). As stated in the Second Amendment of the U.S. Constitution, â€Å"‘A well regulated militia, being necessary to the security of a free State, the right of the people to keep and bear arms, shall not be infringed,† (Gottesman/Brown). However, â€Å"research seems to indicate that owning a gun or even just seeing one [can] change how people behaveRead MoreThe Main Weapon Used For Murder Or Manslaughter Is Handguns845 Words   |  4 Pageshandguns. There is no other weapon as gun that can kill someone in seconds. 72% of handguns are used in homicides are handguns. The other types of guns include rifles and shotguns. In article â€Å"weapon use and violent crime† Craig Perkins states â€Å"Between 1993 and 2001, about 26% (or an annual average of 2.3 million) of the estimated 8.9 million violent crimes in the United States were committed by offenders armed with guns, knives, or objects used as weapons. Basically guns are the main reason for criminalsRead MoreRhetorical Analysis of Gabrielle Giffords A Senate in the Gun Lobbys Grip1094 Words   |  5 Pages105 Diane Goodman September 19, 2014 Congress is Shooting Blanks As the gun control issue began to heat up a timely find was made, a poem by Carl Sandburg. The first half of the poem reads, â€Å"Here is a revolver. It has an amazing language all its own. It delivers unmistakable ultimatums. It is the last word. A simple, little human forefinger can tell a terrible story with it. Hunger, fear, revenge, robbery hide behind it. It is the claw of the jungle made quick and powerful. It is the club ofRead MoreAmericas Debate Against Gun Control1155 Words   |  5 Pages ï » ¿ The United States and the war on Gun Control The gun control issue has recently created a massive uproar throughout the U.S. due to some major horrific events such as the Virginia Tech shooting in 2007, where 32 people were killed, the Sandy Hook shooting in 2012 where 27 people were killed, mostly children, and the Columbine shooting in 1999 where 13 people were killed, (CNN) as well as many others. To some, it is a crime issueRead MoreAnalysis 1.1 Essay644 Words   |  3 PagesAnalysis 1.1 The history of the right to bear arms, this has been an American tradition since colonist set foot on North American soil. Mass murders have been cause by guns does this mean we should only allow our military to have guns? I believe in the constitution we have the right to bear arms. It was written in the constitution for a reason. Without guns it makes our country weak. I’m not talking about just our military having them I’m talking about citizens not being able to have guns. ​We have the

Effective Communication In Cricket And Empire

Question: Discuss about the Effective Communication in Cricket and Empire. Answer: Introduction According to Cotterill (2016), a team that is filled with the most capable players will not be able to hit the winning note if they do not communicate on and off the field. The average players as the opponents may have an upper hand over the others if they can put their thoughts across to all the team members. This goes for every team game and cricket is of no exception. Effective communication in the format of cricket is very important so that the teams become competitive in nature and be successful in all their endeavors. The coaches and the support staffs also play an important role in the communication process that is off the field both verbally and non-verbally. The notion of the game being courteous in nature is no longer applicable in the modern cricketing world. The players now have started to express their emotions openly on the field, which takes the excitement level of the game to new heights. Effective Communication in Sports: A team comprising of leagues best players with poor communication would splash in unevenness, whereas, a team having average performing players having unblemished communication ability would present themselves as title contenders every year. In sports, effective communication is necessary that quality teams should have to be successful in the long-run, starting from coaches, team leaders to the role players. Every member of the team needs to be on the same page. -The Individual: In sports, every individual member has a unique kind of personality. However, this personality would not feasible through Myers-Briggs Personality test, developed focusing on theories of Carl Jung in 1921. At times, a player might unsurprisingly consider motivated after a punitive action, whereas another might feel demotivated for the same, and all communication made to them from there on would be supported on their type of personality. -Time Frame: People say Rome was not build in a day, same goes with formation of teams too. Great teams are never shaped suddenly. At certain times, it can take years to crystallize together as a team, forming a solid attachment of communication through verbal and non-verbal ways, before the team converse and implement the same on field. Team coaches can regularly organize a part of every training session to be exclusively devoted to communication. -On the Field: Effectual communication on the field fluctuates significantly from sport to sport. For example, in cricket there is existence of constant communication going on in the field. The captain and the vice-captain constantly bring in field adjustments according to the need and plan of the bowler. However, in baseball, communication is minimal and players act on their instincts and learning in training. -Non-verbal: As per the Association for Applied Sports Psychology, 75% of human communication is based on non-verbal actions. At times viewers or spectators may witness hand signals and chain of signs used to designate what a player is believed to do on field. Coaches and team captains should make sure that each player has memorized the signals and implement them in a way so that the opposition does not figure it out what a particular signal means. Communication in cricket Cricket is a game that requires a lot of thinking. The process of communication in a team event includes persuasion, evaluation, information transfer, motivation and the ability to solve problems pertaining to the team. This helps the communication process to serve up more than one purpose at the same time. The game of cricket shows the importance of the process of communication with all the fellow members of the team. It is needed to express the views of the team members with an experienced player in the team who has more knowledge regarding the communication pattern of the team. The process of communication followed in a team has to be precise, concise and to the point so that it has the maximum effect on the members of the team. In the field: An important area of communication in the field is between the players and their captain. Especially, the bowlers should have a two-way communication with their captain, making sure that field equivalents the length and line the bowling is aspiring for. For instance, an away swing bowler may need a square leg to feel secure even though the ball hardly travels there, only if the bowler is not bowling poorly. The bowler and the captain need to be on the same page so that the adjusted plan can be taken into account for such a foible. Players need to have an eye contact with the skipper as much as possible. This makes easy for the skipper to make the changes in the field easily. The wicketkeeper has the most important role in field communication. The keeper is in the best position to make field adjustments in correct angles, informing captains about bowlers pace, bounce and movement (MacDonald 2015). Batting: Communication while bating becomes twofold. One is the two batsmen in the middle having conversations while the other is the captain or the coach communicating with the batters from the sidelines. Batsmen need to call clear to avoid miscommunication and run-outs. A quick word like push the fielder or two there is common in cricket. Moreover, they should talk between over to analyze the match situation and things like taking on the poor fielder or a bowler that is relatively easy to face. Batsman can defend each others weakness too by talking between over. A lazy runner is never keen on quick singles, or a bad player of seam might want to take on a spinner as much as possible. These are certain effective communication processes that batters implement while bating. Examples of Good Communication One of the major communications happens between the captain and the players in a team. The key area of communication happens between the captain and the bowlers in a team where in the bowlers have to make sure that the field has been set according to the line and the length the bowler will apply to the current batsmen (Sissons and Stoddart 2014). This is a very simple process because the captain already has a notion of where the bowler will bowl and the type of field setting that he might require to prevent the opponent team from scoring runs. In some cases, the bowler may ask for a change in the field setting as he may have a different plan in his mind, which needs to be conveyed to the captain so that the change takes place (Smith et al. 2016). For example, Bob Massie always needed to feel sheltered by field placements and adjustments from his captain before being comfortable enough to bowl a full-length delivery, allowing the cherry to swing. He was in the habbit of communicating with his captain regularly about the same. Captain and the fielders The fielders need to maintain an eye contact with the captain at all times so that they can receive the message that has been communicated by the bowler to the captain or vice versa. The fielders who are on the far ends of the field needs to be well versed in the hand signals that the captain wants to communicate with them and set themselves according to the need of the captain (Shah 2016). Team huddles is an action of a team gathering in tight circles to motivate or strategize before or during the game. The team captain plays an important role in inspiring his fellow teammates to attain success. Team huddles in cricket was made popular by the Indian cricket team during the 2003 World Cup in South Africa. The team used the huddle to great perfection and success. This small group movement brought big results for the team during that tournament. The Players and Coach Communication The role of the coaches is to communicate the expectations, goals and standards before his team plays each game. The coaches also instruct, encourage, organize and provide the teams with the feedbacks that they receive from the governing bodies. The role of the coach is to hear patiently to the frustrations and feelings of the players so that they can lift the morale up of the team. The process of effective communication not only depends on the content of the message but also the way on how the message is interpreted by the receiver (Smith, Figgins and Sellars 2016). Examples of Bad Communication Sledging in cricket can be stated as a practice where some players seeking to gain advantage over opposition players through verbally insulting or intimidating them. The purpose of sledging has always been to weaken the concentration of the opposition, forcinh him to make mistakes. Once in an Ashes test match when Ian Botham took guard, Marsh greeted him to the crease with words, So how is your wife and my kids? Then in a one-day game, Australian batsman Steve Waugh nicked one behind to the keepers gloves off the bowling of Michael Holding, but refused to walk off, Holding went past Waugh muttering, Once a convict, always a convict. Sledging sometimes becomes excessively ugly for the game of cricket. Players losing control in field are a difficult bunch to handle. In the year 200-07, sledging became a fiasco in the world of international media and cricket when Indian ace spinner Harbhajan Singh was accused of allegedly abusing racially to Australian all rounder Andrew Symonds. Harbha jan Singh has been accused many times on field and has been handed penalty and fines for his offence. Match Fixing According to MacDonald (2015), it usually occurs when an on field player or a referee does not perform up to the standards that he is capable of which results in that team ending up as losers or drawing up the game. It is a barrier in the communication process as the players for an exchange of large payments deliberately makes the team lose in the game of cricket. The player does not actively take part in the effort that is required for the team to succeed. He waits for an opportunity to hinder the process of the game as he was guided in that way. Some examples can be the bowling of a number of no balls in an over as it will help the agent to make money from others by placing bets repeatedly. This helps the agent to pay the player with whom he had made a setting for that particular match. In the year 2000, crickets biggest scandal in match fixing was exposed when South African captain Hansie Cronje accepted he received money to throw matches. Soon after this incident, other players f rom different countries were drawn in like Indian batsman Mohammad Azharuddin and Pakistans Saleem Malik. Since this saga, assertions of fixing with a new addition of spot-fixing have yielded intermittently. In 2010, match fixing scandal raised its head again when three Pakistan players were taken in and interrogated by the Scotland Yard and suspended by the International cricket Council over charges related to spot-fixing (Smith, Figgins and Sellars 2016). Communication Methodology According to Ahmed et al. (2015), the verbal communication amongst the players in a cricket team happens off the field mostly where the team comes together and discusses the strategies that they need to take up to win the next game that they have. They also discuss the problems of the key players who have a major impact on the overall performance of the team. The team tries to motivate those players and help them in improving their performance by giving them all the help that they need to recover from the setback. On the field, the chance of communication verbally is very rare but it does happen sometimes like before the match starts, the fielding team forms a huddle and revises the strategies again that they have formulated against their opponents. In between the matches, the breaks that take place help the team to regroup and discuss the plans that they need to carry the game forward keeping the goal of winning at the end of the game. According to Hari and Wilscy (2014), non-verbal communication happens mostly from the moment the game starts. The members of the team are constantly on the process of communication with the respective team captain so that they remain updated about the necessary ideas that are being implemented during the match. These communications are mostly channeled down to the other members through the hand gestures and the body languages, which the entire team has to be well versed with. This helps the members to carry out the ideas that have been bought to their notice. The idea of strategically placing a fielder at a certain place to make the batsman confuse is done simply by sending a small gesture to the fielder the captain wants it to be conveyed. Report Analysis This report helped in understanding the communication process that is required in the game of cricket. The players need to be constantly communicating with each other in an effective manner so that they can achieve their target that is to be the ultimate winner at the end of the game. The communication between the bowlers and the captain is very essential as it helps to keep a check on the score that the opponent scores. The role of the coach is also very important as it helps the team to be motivated during the times when they under perform. The coach, through a proper communication process can lift up the spirits of the players and make them ready for the next matches that they will be playing in the future. Thus, the messages have a strong impact on the mindset of the players. Thus, effective communication plays a very important role for the team to be successful in each endeavor that they undertake. Reference List Ahmed, A., Asawal, M., Khan, M.J. and Cheema, H.M., 2015, June. A wearable wireless sensor for real time validation of bowling action in cricket. InWearable and Implantable Body Sensor Networks (BSN), 2015 IEEE 12th International Conference on(pp. 1-5). IEEE. Cotterill, S., 2016. Developing Leadership Skills in Sport: A Case Study of Elite Cricketers.Case Studies in Sport and Exercise Psychology,1(1-4), pp.16-25. Georgiadou, L., Willis, A. and Canavan, S., 2015. An outfield at a cricket game: Integrating support provisions in counsellor education.Counselling and Psychotherapy Research,15(4), pp.289-297. Hari, R. and Wilscy, M., 2014, December. Event detection in cricket videos using intensity projection profile of Umpire gestures. InIndia Conference (INDICON), 2014 Annual IEEE(pp. 1-6). IEEE. Hobson, R.F., 2013.Forms of feeling: The heart of psychotherapy. Routledge. Holsti, K., 2016. Hindrances to understanding in International Relations. InKalevi Holsti: A Pioneer in International Relations Theory, Foreign Policy Analysis, History of International Order, and Security Studies(pp. 79-95). Springer International Publishing. James, C.L.R., 2013.Beyond a boundary. Duke University Press. MacDonald, D.C., 2015.Performance analysis of fielding and wicket-keeping in cricket to inform strength and conditioning practice(Doctoral dissertation, Auckland University of Technology). Neville, T.J., Salmon, P.M., Read, G.J. and Kalloniatis, A.C., 2016. Play on or call a foul: testing and extending distributed situation awareness theory through sports officiating.Theoretical Issues in Ergonomics Science,17(1), pp.80-103. Shah, P., 2016. Measuring Fielding Performance in Cricket.Polish Journal of Sport and Tourism,23(2), pp.113-114. Sissons, R. and Stoddart, B., 2014.Cricket and Empire (RLE Sports Studies): The 1932-33 Bodyline Tour of Australia(Vol. 10). Routledge. Smith, M., Young, D., Figgins, S. and Arthur, C., 2016. Transformational Leadership in Elite Sport: A Qualitative Analysis of Effective Leadership Behaviors in Cricket.The Sport Psychologist, pp.1-40. Smith, M.J., Figgins, S.G. and Sellars, C.N., 2016. 15 Antecedents and impacts of effective and inspirational coach communication.The Psychology of Sports Coaching: Research and Practice, p.218. Wright, R.K., 2014. Tourism and cricket: travels to the boundary.

Public and Private Policing free essay sample

Police, Securityguard, Security, Crimeprevention, Constable, Criminaljustice, SurveillancePublic and Private Policing The growing privatization of police services is a global phenomenon. It was first widely noted in the United States in a 1972 Rand Corporation study commissioned by the National Institute of Justice. Several years later, Stenning and Shearing observed that a â€Å"quiet revolution† toward private policing had occurred in Canada. South documented a similar trend in both western and eastern European countries. And an update of the original Rand assessment in 1985 concluded that private security outspent public law enforcement by 73 percent and employed two and a half times as many people. Public and private policing have many similarities, as well as differences and the distinction between public and private police are often blurred. Private policing, while emerging as a new industry, is not a new phenomenon and predates the existence of public police as witnessed today (Wilson 1994, p. 285). There are at least three reasons for the dramatic increase. First, in both post-industrial and developing nations, there has been an increase in what Stenning and Shearing call â€Å"mass private property†: shopping malls and gated communities. These spaces have traditionally fallen outside of the domain of public police, although this is now changing. Second, the fear of crime among those with property has grown faster than government’s willingness to spend more money on police protection. In many countries, this fear of crime among the propertied classes was intensified by the transition from authoritarian to democratic rule. Third, private police forces have often placed a higher priority on visible patrol than public police, hoping to deter crime through their presence. As early as 1971 Scott and McPherson worried that private policing might infringe upon civil liberties with impunity. Formal and familiar mechanisms exist around the world to hold public police accountable for their actions, but accountability mechanisms for private police are less well understood and often emanate from private rather than public institutions. In many cases, the state has little power or incentive to hold private police accountable. Stenning, however, believes that the inadequate accountability of private police has been overstated; marketplace competition, consumer pressures, demands of organized labor, and potential civil liability, he argues, compensate for lesser state regulation and oversight. Public policing has been known to have a monopoly on policing until the increased trend of private policing in the United States. Public police consist of the governmental department charged with the regulation and control of the affairs of a community, now chiefly the department established to maintain order, enforce the law, and prevent and detect crime. Private policing refers to that policing activity of crime prevention, detection and apprehension carried out by private organizations or agents for commercial purposes. Private policing may be defined to include those people who work for a security company or are employed by an individual or firm to carry out security work, crowd control or private investigations. In seeking to describe the policing activity of private police, however, most functional definitions stem from the perceived role of the public police (Nalla Newman, 1990). Private police look and behave like public police and describing their function often involves a comparison of the activities and responsibilities of the two. Despite the differences, public and private police tend to mirror each other to a certain extent (Nalla Newman, 1990). Private policing is provided by a private individual or organization, rather than by a public body or the state like public policing is. Private police are seen to be concerned with the protection of personal and corporate interest while public police represent the interests of the public and seek to enforce the regulations of the judicial system. The police are persons with a special legal status employed by governments to preserve the peace (Shearing, Farnell Stenning, 1980,) Private policing, in comparison to public policing, has been described as passive policing as to active policing, or as proactive and preventative rather than reactive: where public police generally react to the crime, private police through surveillance and presentation are seen to prevent crime. (Wilson 1994) Private policing targets private crime and is in the business of protecting private and corporate interests. Private policing usually operates behind the traditional and legal boundaries where the public police cannot lawfully cross unless by invitation or probable cause. This leads to the private policing sector having a broader enterprise than public policing, with a wider range of functions. (South, 1988, p. 4) One difference between public and private police is private investigators are hired by individuals or businesses for a certain purpose and work mostly behind the scenes or undercover doing surveillance while Public policing is known to society as the police who protect our communities and arrest those individuals who commit crime. Public policing has the role to maintain law and order, preserve peace and prevent crime. Public police are employed by governments and paid for by tax dollars and grants. Another difference between the role of public and private policing is the private providers of security is their flexibility. They can, and will, perform most tasks they get paid to do. Their customers can demand a lot from them, since they are directly answerable to the paying clients and their needs. The private entrepreneurs are also forced to do right by the market. If they fail, they will lose their money. Public police do not have the negotiation factor and are paid on salary, no matter how they perform or how efficient they are in performing their duties. Many have said that private policing is for the rich and public policing is for the poor. This could be effectively argued based on the fact that private policing is not designed to consider the general good for society, like public policing. Private policing is primarily protecting the interests of their paying clients and focuses more on loss prevention, rather than crime prevention. Private policing has been scrutinized and concern has expressed that private security can be overly intrusive, less than scrupulous in its adherence to self-imposed guidelines and, on occasion, the law, and threatening to civil liberties. Although public and private both play a major role in society, they do have different responsibilities. The responsibilities of a public officer include preserving the peace, preventing crimes and other offenses, assisting victims of crime, apprehending criminals, laying charges, prosecuting and participating in prosecutions, executing warrants, performing the lawful duties assigned by the chief of police, and completing the required training. The responsibilities of a private officer include training for private investigators and security guards is generally the responsibility of the employer. No license is required if the private investigator or security guard is hired . in house,. which means that he or she is an employee of, for example, an insurance company, court house, law firm, or store. Compared with police officers, private security in Canada is characterized by the following: lower wages, minimum or no recruitment standards, higher percentage of part-time work, higher turnover rate, lower levels of education, and minimum or no training (Marin,1997). In conclusion, Public and private policing are major components in the criminal justice field. It would be impossible for our communities to feel secure without the combination of both forces. The focus has been on public and private policing to effectively interact and cooperate with each other. Understanding the importance of one anothers responsibilities and roles could lead to a great partnership. Throughout recent years, some law enforcement agencies have come to realize how to benefit from private policing. Private security personnel differ from police officers in a number of ways. Private security personnel work for clients who pay them for services rendered, while police officers are responsible for serving and protecting the public. Minimum requirements and training are considerably less for private security than for police officers.

Topic Gun Regulation Essays - Firearms, Firearm Safety, Gun Safety

Topic: Gun regulation 1. Do you believe firearms should be banned all together including police and military? 2. Do you believe firearms should be banned from civilians only? 3. Do you believe firearms serve a purpose besides to injure or kill? 4. Have you ever owned a gun or taken a course on firearm safety? 5. Did you grow up on a household with a firearm? 6. If yes to #5, where you taught firearm safety and proper use? 7. Do you believe the constitution should be rewritten? 8. Do you know someone who was injured or killed by a firearm? 9. Would you say that your parents would answer this questionnaire exactly the same as you? 10. Where do you live? Circle one: City Suburb Country

How to Write a Killer a Cover Letter

How to Write a Killer a Cover Letter How to Write a Killer a Cover Letter Writing a great cover letter isn’t easy for everyone. Creating strong sentence structure and highlighting your background and skills are key points. Depending upon the strength of your letter, you may get a call for an interview or be outdone by another applicant. The goal is to expand upon your resume in a way that reflects your personality. Your resume/CV highlights your education, skills, and experience. The cover letter supports your resume with examples of your relevant working experience and success stories. Here are several pointers on writing a killer cover letter: Personalize Add your own style and use examples that suit the job for which you’re applying. You can start with a generic cover letter and personalize it based on the job. This effort takes more than swapping company names and adding random thoughts. You can only stand out if your wording reflects you have the experience to fulfill the job description supplied by the employer. Be honest When promoting yourself don’t stray from the truth. Be sure you can live up to your promises and back up any claims of experience. If you’re found to have been dishonest in your application, you may be out of a job pretty quickly. Don’t make it all about you In addition to sharing your academic degrees and skill sets that are relevant to the job, outline your unique abilities that can benefit the company. Do some research about the company and who’s doing the hiring. Instead of writing â€Å"to whom it may concern,† use LinkedIn to identify the personnel who’ll review your application. Keep it to one page Avoid being redundant. Write with a professional tone, with one page of text that has three to four paragraphs. If you find cover letters challenging to write, explore ideas and tips provided on the Internet. Avoid spamming Follow up must be done respectfully and not too often. If the company doesn’t specify that they don’t want to hear from applicants, send one follow-up email after the submission deadline. If you don’t get a response, continue your job search. Proofread Avoid sloppy typos; your potential employer will remember such errors, and likely discard your application. Consider hiring a proofreading service to check your work before it is submitted. Writing an effective cover letter is not a simple task. It requires time and plenty of effort. Always aim to stay relevant to the position for which you’re applying. For help with cover letters, contact at (647) 436-7280. We’ll strengthen your writing and help you put your best foot forward.

Historical and contemporary issue in aging-Death Assignment

Historical and contemporary issue in aging-Death - Assignment Example Aging has become debate, especially with the various scientific advancements that seek to lengthen human existence (Heery & Richardson, 2009). However, this has received mixed responses at cross-cultural levels with some cultures in support and others in opposition. The mixed responses often concern the acceptance of longevity of lives among the society, with contemporary society in support of these advancements (Overall, 2006). Different individuals bear varying perspectives and attitudes concerning their demise thus bringing about death-stage theories and management of death attitudes among these individuals. People from diverse perspectives possess differing viewpoints concerning aging, with the physician perspective being in favor of death after aging since at this moment, the body is usually worn-out to handle daily struggles. Theological perspective considers death appropriate up to the period one dies a natural death, other than utilizing other methods such as euthanasia (Mitchell, Orr & Salladay, 2004). In modern-day world, death emanating from old age has considerably declined with physical fitness that enables the aging to regain cognitive strength in order to diminish cases of dementia and strengthen cardiovascular for extended existence and normal aging. Activities for instance contemporary dance have considerably influenced lifespan for aging individuals thus assisting in reducing negative death attitudes (Coubard, Duretz, Lefebvre, Lapalus & Ferrufino, 2011). This is because the aging have the assurance of a normal death compared to death that occurs due to aging complication s. Individuals within certain countries have positive attitudes towards death considering that they have completed their lifespan, and are often involved in professional dancing that has considerable influence on their end-of-life-care. The aging in the Japanese culture considers dancing corresponding to aging, since it assists in reducing death

Organization Development Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2250 words

Organization Development - Essay Example essful with the organization he or she should change and start treating workers or the employees in a very respective way and as a result the employees will also handle customers in a very good way, these changes will eventually result into the positive growth of the company. Employees change on how they treat customers is an external change and for it to materialize there should be a change internally (Reese, 1995). On the other hand the change in performance in management model provides a clear balance on how this should be done and how they should be done3 in order to improve the workers performance ideally this practices has been successful in dealing with the management in terms of the operatic side of the business with the aim of getting maximum results. However organization development is normally driven by the need for effective change in the organization but this change has to begin with change of individuals within the organization. The problem solving model should always b e put into consideration and it should also focus on the future. Change in the entire organization is meant to bring out a difference both internally and externally. Internally change must start from the management staff, meaning that the managers should come up with appropriate ways of dealing with the employees in the organization. Generally managers should lead by example which is in relation to creation of very calm and conducive environment for both the employees and the customers, this will allow the organization to grow and reach its mission and vision. Employees should also embrace change inside the organization by implementing their duties as expected of them; this will enhance effective development of the organization and a quick realization of its goals. (Allen & Thatcher, 1995)Employees embracing new changes in the organization will result into team work within the organization therefore this will enhance faster growth of the organization. Change should also be welcomed

Compare and Contrast Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words - 1

Compare and Contrast - Essay Example According to him, in racism, the oppressing people destroy the cultural values of the people (Fanon 33). To note, culture is an aspect showing one’s racial identity. In a sense, Fanon thinks that the main effect of racism is the debasement of one’s culture. Freire on the other hand, uses the term oppressed to refer to people who can easily be corrupted due to poor education. In a sense, he is concerned with intellectually oppressed people. Education is the key to stop this kind of oppression for him. If an individual is educated, he or she could liberate himself or herself out of the oppressive environment. He believes that education accords the oppressed an opportunity to regain honor and respect in the community which he or she belongs to (Freire 4). Also, Freire contends that through education, the oppressed could achieve a higher social status. For Freire, education opens the eyes of the oppressed to the truth and widens his or her horizons of opportunity in the soc iety. Second, Fanon and Freire’s literary works are both aimed at liberating the oppressed. In both of them, freedom is to be associated with the liberty to achieve the highest potential of human beings without any hindrances. For Fanon, the oppressed could be liberated through the grant of basic rights.

Analysis of Young Adults Attitudes Towards Sex and Shyness

Analysis of Young Adults Attitudes Towards Sex and Shyness KNOWLEDGE, ATTITUDE TOWARDS SEXUALITY AND THEIR RELATIONSHIP WITH SHYNESS AMONG YOUNG ADULTS Introduction: Sex refers to whether or not a person is male or female, whether a person has a penis or vagina. Sex is also commonly used as an abbreviation to refer to sexual intercourse. Sexuality refers to the total expression of who we are as a human being, our maleness or our femaleness. Our sexuality begins at birth and ends at death. Everyone is a sexual being. Our sexuality is interplay between body image, gender identity, gender role, sexual orientation, eroticism, genitals, intimacy, relationships, love and affection. A persons sexuality includes his or her attitudes, values, knowledge and behaviors. How people express their sexuality is influenced by their families, culture, society, faith and beliefs. Sources of sexual learning include parents, friends, religion, culture, media, environment, law, school, teachers, books, etc. Knowledge Myth according to Merriam Webster Dictionary is an idea or story that is believed by many people but that is not true. Myth comes into existence due to lack of scientific knowledge with regard to particular idea. Attitude is positive or negative expression towards a person, place, thing, or event (the attitude object). Gordon Allport define attitude as the most distinctive and indispensable concept in contemporary social psychology. Attitude can be formed from a persons past and present experiences. Attitude is also measurable and changeable as well as influencing the persons emotion and behavior. Attitude towards sex Shyness is the feeling of apprehension, lack of comfort or awkwardness especially when a person is in proximity to other people. This commonly occurs in new situations or with unfamiliar people. Shyness can be a characteristic of people who have low self-esteem. Stronger forms of shyness are usually referred to as social anxiety or social phobia. Sexuality is a vital aspect of human development with biological, psychological and social components, which may facilitate identity, well-being, pleasure, affectionate, relationships and reproduction (Formenti 2005; Ahmadi 2010). Sexuality also refers to the human potential of consciousness and specific forms of behaviour that are likely to change at different stages of life (Tiefer 1995; Zubarew 2006). In reality, the sexual behaviour of young people is influenced by attitudes and values that start to develop long before they begin to attend school. Moreover, during schooling, young people continue to be strongly influenced by messages from the family, peers and the media. Sexual offences in general are increasing, according to National Crime Records Bureau, Crime in India 2011 Statistics, Sexual Harassment (Sec.509 IPC) cases registered are 9746 (0.9), 9966 (0.9), 10950 (1.0) 12214 (1.1), 11009 (0.9) and 9961 (0.8) in the year 2001, 2006, 2007, 2008, 2009, 2010. There are many cases which are not reported and under reported cases still many are pending. The crimes related to sex are increasing still as days are passing, the reason behind it is just a gratification or its all about the misconception and experiments which are committed by young adults? Upcoming of new websites and updates with regard to sexuality are increasing. These entire information shows positive side and very less on its disadvantages. This has brought confusion among young adults. The developmental age leads to curiosity which in turn leads to experimentation and at last the results will lead to tragedy in individual life. All these have lots of implication on human potential to become responsible citizen but youth is not properly directed and they are not empowered with the skill to have a healthy, physical, psychological and psycho-social environment. Todays digital technology bringing lots of myths and directing youths from the thrust (it’s a reaction force) areas of education. Its not always easy to ask for what you want where sex is concerned? And if were naturally shy, it can feel almost impossible. Shyness in the bedroom is common for many people, particularly with women. When its present the result is always the same-physically relating to another person becomes difficult. If it isnt corrected early on, the foundation of a relationship can weaken, leading to sexual frustration, arguments, cheating or worse a broken love affair. By its very character, sexual shyness acts as a barrier that keeps two people at a distance. Kaustav. C and Guha. T. R, in their review article on Indian concepts on sexuality in Jan 2013, published in Indian Journal of Psychiatry mentions about Sexuality in Adolescence and Young Adulthood that, Indian children are pampered as much as possible, often until age 6 or 7. Before puberty, a natural approach to sexuality and nudity prevails, especially in rural areas. Daughters and sons are carefully prepared for their future domestic roles as mothers and fathers. Women are considered to be much more skilled than males in love and sexual pleasures. At puberty, most boys and girls are segregated. In some regions of India, pubescent girls are not even allowed to enter a house where a single young man is present. Masturbation is generally unacceptable among girls. For boys however, it is considered a preparation for mature sex life. Though boys at the younger ages may masturbate together without shame, at little more mature ages, they all give it up. Among adolescents, Reddy et al, i n a 1983 study found that the sample youth had their first sexual experience between the ages of 15 and 24 years. Homosexual activities were also reported in this study: 38% of women in the sample reported that their first sexual activity had been with a partner of the same sex. Traditionally, premarital sex activity was controlled in India. As the marriages were mostly arranged by elders, premarital sex was not the accepted practice. Although premarital sex among the tribal societies of India has been widely reported, there is very little if any reliable data on this topic in either the rural or urban areas. A study by Savara and Sridhar in 1992 showed that 30% of the respondents had experienced premarital sex, while 41% of unmarried men and 33% of married men had their first intercourse before attaining 20 years. Stephanie S. L, Larry J. N, Franklin O. P, Brian J. W. conducted a study on Emerging Adult Sexual Attitudes and Behaviors, Does Shyness Matter? in 2013 at Brigham Young University. According to study â€Å"Numerous studies have shown how shyness affects individuals in childhood and adolescence. However, little is known about the effects shyness may have in emerging adulthood. This study addressed how shyness may be associated with sexual attitudes and behaviors of emerging adult men and women. Participants included 717 students from four college sites across the United States, who were largely female (69%), European American (69%), unmarried (100%), and living outside their parents home (90%). Results suggested that shyness was positively associated with sexual attitudes (reflecting more liberal views) for men whereas shyness was negatively associated with sexual attitudes for women. Shyness was positively associated with solitary sexual behaviors of masturbation and pornography use for men. Shyness was also negatively associated with relational sexual behaviors (coital and non coital) and number of lifetime partners for women†. Need for the Study The children of today are not the children of yesterday. Growth in terms of maturity and knowledge can be seen on a large scale for the adolescent population of today. Notions and ideas about sexuality were a prohibited topic till long time back but now adolescents are much aware and filled with various kinds of knowledge on the same. Researchers have shown that parents play the most significant role in imparting sex education to their adolescent children. They have been found to be the primary sex educators where basic and the initial knowledge about sexual attitudes and the like are conveyed on to the children. India is a multi-culture country, here perspectives differs from region to region and even socio-economic wise also. The young adults who comes from these various background mixes up in educational institutions, their knowledge and perceptions are been shared which leads to change in attitude towards a concept. With emerging westernization, there is growing concern about sex ual promiscuity and changing attitude towards sexuality. Aim: The present study aims in knowing the attitudes of young adults towards the concept of sex, myths associated with it due to lack of knowledge and their relationship with shyness. Objectives: To study the knowledge, attitude about sexuality and shyness among young adults. To study the effect of shyness and its relationship to the knowledge and attitude towards sexuality. To study the influence of demographic variables (Gender, Developmental Span, Area, Medium of Instruction and Exposure to Digital Technology) on a) Knowledge, b) Sexuality and c) Shyness. Hypotheses: Young adults differ in terms of knowledge, attitude towards sexuality and shyness. Shyness leads to lesser knowledge and unfavorable attitude towards sexuality. Demographic variables (Gender, Developmental Span, Area, Medium of Instruction, and Exposure to Digital Technology) have significant influence on a) Knowledge, b) Sexuality and c) Shyness. Sample: 600 both male and female young adults (18-25 years) from different colleges of Mysore City will be included for the present study. Participating in the study was voluntary and the questionnaire will be filled in anonymously. Tools: A semi-structured socio-demographic profile to ascertain the socio-demographic details shall be used. Sex Myth Check List by S.P. Kumar: This is a test with 23 highly sensitive items in Yes/No format and reveals the mythical relations to sex among both the sex. This test is developed on 18-25 year population. The test-retest reliability has been found to be .70 (N=30) with one weeks time interval, showing that the check-list is fairly dependable in terms of stability of scores in table. Showing Test-Retest Reliability The face validity of the check-list appears to be fairly high as the myth items were prepared following intensive interviews of 25 college-going students regarding their conceptions or misconceptions about different aspects of sexuality. The content validity was adequately assured as only those myth items were initially included in the myth check-list which had shown 100 per cent agreement amongst the judges. Of theses, only those myth items which showed a high discriminating value (.26 or above) following item-analysis were finally selected for the check-list. On the assumption that the low myth Ss would show better mental health as compared to the high myth Ss, a group of 54 Ss 27 Being high myth and 27 being low myth Ss were administered the Mental Health Check-list (Kumar, 1992). As hypothesized the low myth Ss scored significantly higher on the mental health measure, showing that they possessed better mental health as compared to the high myth Ss. Sexual Attitude Scales (SAS) by Amit Abraham: The Sexual Attitude Sclaes (S.A.S) has been developed for the exclusive purpose of research work in the area of human sexuality. The SAS provide for measures of attitude in five areas of human sexuality, viz., Attitude Towards Premarital Sex (PSS); Attitude Towards Polygamy (PS); Attitude Towards Pornography (PGS); Attitude Towards Lesbianism (LS) – for women only and Attitude Towards Homosexuality (HS) – for men only. The reliability was worked out by both the split-half and test-retest method) 3 months interval between retesting) for each of the SAS. Table shows the reliability for each scale. Showing Test Re-Test and Split Half Reliability The face validity of the scales is fairly high as the items were prepared after intensive discussion with various men and women and after survey of available literature on male and female sexuality. The content validity was adequately assured as only items which showed cent per cent agreement amongst the judges regarding their relevance to sexuality study were selected. Of these, only those items which had high t-value (greater than 1.75, Edwards, 1969) following item analysis were finally selected. Shyness scale: The shyness assessment test was developed by DSouza (2006) of Maharajas College, University of Mysore. It consists of 54 items and requires the subject to indicate his/her response by marking Yes, No or Cant say. The items in the test pertain to three domains of Shyness: Cognitive/Affective (32 items), Physiological and Action oriented program resulted in Cornbachs alpha coefficient of 0.817 for the Indian population. Further, the scale had sufficiently high validity. SAT is developed exclusively on Indian adolescents by DSouza (2006). The reliability index ascertained by split half (odd-even) method and Cronbachs alpha coefficient for the scale as a whole were found to be 0.735 and 0.812 respectively. The reliability indices of the 3 domains were also calculated by split half method which are as follows: Reliability Indices of Three Domains Methodology: Pilot study on 60 samples on younger adults aged between 18-25 years done before the Main study. After obtaining Informed consent from the participants, young adults from different colleges of Mysore City shall be assessed with the tools mentioned for relationship of knowledge, attitude towards sex and shyness. Statistical Methods: The following statistical techniques will be used for analysis and interpretation of data: Descriptive Statistics, t test Independent Samples, ANOVA One way/two way, Correlation Pearsons Product Moment and 5.Regression Stepwise Multiple. Chapterization: The entire research work will run into five chapters. The first one on Introduction brings out the importance of the study, and states its objectives and hypotheses. It also includes methodology and limitations. Chapter II will contain previous reviews, history of the Problems. A Quick look on subjective well-being will also be carried out in chapter II. Chapter III will be a methodological part of the study. Analysis and Discussions is to be done in Chapter IV. Findings, Conclusions and Suggestions for further Research will be presented in Chapter V followed by Bibliography and References. References: Canadian Living, How to overcome shyness when it comes to sex, http://www.canadianliving.com/relationships/sex/how to overcome shyness when it comes to sex.php Newfriends4u, Sexual Shyness, http://www.newfriends4u.com/relationships/sexual shyness.html Resource Center for Adolescent Pregnancy Prevention, Learning Activities, Sex and Sexuality: Understanding the Difference, http://recapp.etr.org/recapp/index.cfm?fuseaction=pages.LearningActivitiesDetailPageI D=167 Crime in India 2011 Statistics, National Crime Records Bureau, Ministry of Home Affairs, Government of India. http://ncrb.nic.in Kaustav. C and Guha. T. R, Indian concepts on sexuality, Indian J Psychiatry. Jan 2013; 55(Suppl 2): S250-S255. doi: 10.4103/00195545.105546. Stephanie S. L, Larry J. N, Franklin O. P, Brian J. W, Emerging Adult Sexual Attitudes and Behaviors, Does Shyness Matter?, Sage Journals, Emerging Adulthood September 2013 vol. 1 no. 3 185195, doi: 10.1177/2167696813475611. http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Attitude (psychology)oldid=629345408 Fisher, T. D., Davis, C. M., Yarber, W. L., Davis, S. L. (2010). Handbook of Sexuality-Related Measures. New York: Routledge. Shyness: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shyness Ind Psychiatry J. 2010 Jul-Dec; 19(2): 90-93. DOI: 10.4103/0972-6748.90337

My Values - Work, Family, and Friendship :: Personal Narrative, Personal Values

My Values - Work, Family, and Friendship Three important values that I hold, are hard work, family, and friendship. These are values that I think will make life better and easier for a person. They make me feel secure and prepared for the future. Without these values I probably wouldn't care about anything at all. My values were all influenced by my parents. The only one that I had to figure out mostly by myself, was to work as hard as I could. Hard work is something that I had to do in order to prove to myself that I was smart enough. It probably controls most of my life. I need to do everything right and get perfect grades to be satisfied, and so I'm always working as hard as I can. It sounds like a bad thing, but the hard work almost always pays off. Family is a value that my father taught me. He told me that family is the most important thing in life. Your family will always be there when you need them, and will love you no matter what you do. This is a great thing, because it gives me security and comfort. I know that the decisions that I make in life will be guided by people that care about the outcome, and if things don't work out they'll be there to do whatever they can to help me. You never have to put on a front with your relatives, they will almost always accept you for who you are. Another value that was influenced by my parents as well as television, is friendship. Even though your family is always there for you, friends are still very important to have. Having friends will usually raise a person's self- esteem. By having friends you know that you are a good person, and that people

Achebe’s “An Image of Africa : Racism in Conrad’s Heart of Darkness” Essay

Achebe’s â€Å"An Image of Africa : Racism in Conrad’s Heart of Darkness† (The Massachusetts Review, 18 (1977) : 782 – 94) expresses a passionate objection to Conrad’s point of view and portrayal of Africa and Africans in his novel Heart of Darkness. Achebe’s novel, Things Fall Apart, can be considered the direct opposition to Conrad’s Heart of Darkness and is seen to as a challenge on Conrad’s western views. I shall explore the validity in Achebe’s â€Å"An Image of Africa : Racism in Conrad’s Heart of Darkness† with regards to language, characterisation, religion and culture. Other opinions from critical readings will also be included and referenced to the two novels ( Things Fall Apart & Heart of Darkness ).Achebe felt that Conrad’s Heart of Darkness â€Å"others† Africa and Africans, when he says â€Å"others† he means that it represents the Africans as a colonised people who have li ttle â€Å"common sense† and no authority. Furthermore it shows them as a separate race or species to further illustrate how they were treated as animals and savages. The term â€Å"common sense† used earlier also illustrates how Achebe took offence to the Western ideologies in that â€Å"common sense† is a term invented by Westerners. â€Å"Common sense† is the general term one uses for Western beliefs and values but other cultures (especially African cultures) have not been included as a part of this terminology. African cultures are, in fact, criticized by the term â€Å"common sense†, which once again Achebe took offence to. Achebe felt that Heart of Darkness was also a way of â€Å"writing back to the centre† in that it represented the Western people or Colonists as the dominant and superior force, to Achebe it was an alienation of the Africans and Africa. Heart of Darkness, therefore displaced the Africans in the novel; instead of them seeming good and familiar, they were distanced fro m the reader. Hence, one can see how Achebe was a strong believer in the â€Å"Postcolonial Theory† whereby he mostly challenged but also reflected upon modern European colonisation. Brantlinger’s paper discusses the different views on colonisation by explaining five differents stances taken. According to Brantlinger the abolitionist stance (despite its good intentions) pitied the Africans and tried to fight for the Africans, but at the same time it did not occur to them that Africans were also intelligent people who could fight their own battles. It was hence seen that the abolitionists too, were treating the  Africans as inferior. His discussion of the explorer’s stance illustrates how the explorers exploited Africa and destroyed its people because the explorers saw the Africans as a sub-race of savages who had little to no importance. Brantlinger also shows how scientists saw the Africans as a separate species to humans and that Africans were thought to be animals. Scientists theorised, through Social Darwinism, that the Africans would either have to survive of sucumb. To them the Africans were expendable. To Brantlinger the missionaries considered the Africans as a race of pagans and heathens who needed to be converted to the â€Å"Good Faith†, Christianity, and they did not consider that the Africans may very well have had their own religion and set of beliefs. Furthermore, Brantlinger illustrated how the Western writers portrayed Africans as a sub-race of savages (or as an inferior group of people) who needed pity and a push in the right direction towards their Western ways. His statements, † The constant association of Africa with the inhuman violence of the slave trade did much to darken its landscape even during the romantic period.† and † By mid-century, the success of the anti-slavery movement, the impact of the great explorers, and the merger of racist and evolutionary doctrines in the social sciences had combined to give the British public a widely shared view of Africa that demanded imperialisation on moral, religious and scientific grounds. It is this view that I have called the myth of the Dark Continent† are prime examples of how he see people to have incorrect notions about Africa and Africans. His views are highly suited to Achebe’s â€Å"An Image of Africa : Racism in Conrad’s Heart of Darkness† in that they show how a white, westernised person sees the same racism eminent in todays literature as Achebe it sees in Conrad’s Heart of Darkness, only Brantlinger does not directly attack any one specific book or person. Instead Brantlinger presents his view in a factual and justified manner which further helps support Achebe because he makes it easier to believe and understand him when he uses factual information rather than exclusively his opinions. Brookes wrote a paper on how certain stereotypes of Africa have been created and how they are perpetuated in newspapers today. Headlines such as, â€Å"Why give life-blood to this heart of darkness?† were analysed and according to Brookes this headline and others like it â€Å"†¦ result in the foregrounding of  Africa as violent, repressive and helpless†¦ They set up opposites where Africa is on the one side and is held up against a standard which it apparently does not meet†. Brookes’ analysis and opinions are highly relevant in that she illustrates how certain stereotypes and ideas on Africa have become second nature and are even printed in chronicles which are supposed to be factual recollections of events. Brookes does so by discussing certain gramatical, wording and representation trends associated with Africa and this shows that these ideals are wrong and racist, one should not be allowed to perpetuate such incorrect stereotype of Africans. At the same time Brookes’ paper can also discredit Achebe, because it shows that perhaps Conrad’s reason for Heart of Darkness being a racist novel is because certain stereotypes are printed in the press each day and he simply did not know any better. Achebe’s article, â€Å"An Image of Africa : Racism in Conrad’s Heart of Darkness†, shows that Achebe feels that Conrad’s Heart of Darkness is racist and it perpetuates a certain incorrect view on Africans. He is offended by Conrad’s racism and insensitivity towards Africans. † Heart of Darkness pojects the image of Africa as â€Å"the other world,† the antithesis of Europe and therefore of civilization, a place where man’s vaunted intelligence and refinement are finally mocked by triumphant bestiality.† Here Achebe shows exactly how he feels about Heart of Darkness. Achebe sees Marlowe and Conrad as the same person and hence because Marlowe, the narrator in Heart of Darkness, is ignorant and racist†¦ Achebe immediatly assumes that Conrad holds the same views. Achebe feels that Conrad represents the colonists as superior somewhat god-like and that the Africans in Heart of Drakness are shown as savages, heathens and inf idels and they are seen to be inferior. Not only is this perception of Africans conveyed but Africa is also seen as a dark and mystical place which threatens everything that is foreign. Furthermore Achebe feels that Heart of Darkness creates the impression that Africa infects the Western people and drives them mad, as happened to Kurtz : â€Å"Consequently Africa is something to be avoided just as the picture has to be hidden away to safeguard the man’s jeopardous integrity. Keep away from Africa or else! Mr Kurtz of Heart of Darkness should have heeded that warning †¦ But he foolishly exposed himself to the wild irresistable allure  of the jungle and lo! the darkness found him out.† Achebe also feels that Conrad is also trying to convert people to his racist ways and infect them with his â€Å"xenophobia† (fear of foreigners). Achebe not only sees Conrad as a â€Å"thoroughgoing racist† and is offended by it but he is also offended by the fact that nobody has challenged Heart of Darkness and its racism, but they praise and study this book instead. C.P. Sarvan also wrote a critique on Heart of Darkness and Achebe’s article. He was, however, far less extreme than Achebe. Furthermore, he looks at the story from both sides and he weighs up both the Authors’ strengths and weaknesses. Sarvan discusses how in Heart of Darkness the colonists are actually corrupt and rotten to the core and instead of Africa being shown as an entirely bad and deep dark continent, Sarvan sees some type of of set used to highlight how the colonists were deranged and not at all pure, as the African people were. Sarvan quotes a critic who said, â€Å"Africa per per se is not the theme of Heart of Darkness, but it is used as a locale symbol for the very core of an ‘accursed inheritance†. This quote along with Sarvan’s opinion that â€Å"the story may be seen as an allegory, the journey ending with the sombre realisation of the darkness of man’s heart.† show how in Heart of Darkness Conrad does not simply want to discredit Africa and show to be a dark black hole which is to be feared, rather that it actually illustrates how the colonists could learn goodness and purity from the Africans. In contrast to Achebe, Sarvan also sees Marlowe and Conrad as totally separate people and he thinks that Marlowe’s views are not necessarily the same as Conrad’s. Sarvan considers all the evidence and he concludes that in some parts of Heart of Darkness Conrad does tend to project racist view points, but by the same token Conrad also criticises the Colonists, their way of life and their lack of morals and ethics. In both Things Fall Apart and Heart of Darkness there is certain language and diction which is used, the language used conveys a certain opinion and attitude toward what is being said. If one is to look at Brooke’s paper it can be seen that certain words are used to convey certain images of Africa, and at times even a certain gramatical structure is associated with Africa. If one looks at the language used in Heart of Darkness certain words can be  picked out and seen as racist but also there are words which are not racist towards the Africans and rather they discredit the colonists. For example: â€Å"The Man seemed young – almost a boy – but you know with them it’s hard to tell.†( Heart of Darkness, Penguin Classics 2000, pg35, line 21). Here one can consider this to be a racist comment as it creates a distance between the Africans and the colonists, but it can also be seen as a perfectly innocent and ignorant comment because it’s natural to have trouble understanding that which you do not know. A very similar comment is made in the same novel, however it is made with regard to the white men, it’s as follows â€Å"†¦ white men being so much alike at a distance that he could not tell who I might be.† (Heart of Darkness, Penguin Classics 2000, pg 33, line 27) In Things Fall Apart there are also times when it can be criticised for the language used – Achebe describes the white missionaries as â€Å"four eyes† and here it is further illustrated that the Africans are now finding that which they are not familiar with troublesome and hard to understand. So when one weighs the two different descriptions from Things Fall Apart and Heart of Darkness up it can be seen that certain language can be seen as racist even if that is not the intent. Furthermore when Conrad writes, â€Å"Fine fellows – cannibals – in their place.† (Heart of Darkness, Penguin Classics 2000, pg 61, line 6) you can both criticise and praise this quote. Although it does distance the Africans when he says â€Å"their place† and it could be seen as insulting to call the Africans â€Å"cannibals†, Conrad also presents the Africans in a friendly manner and he shows some kind of kinship with them when he says â€Å"Fine fellows†. Finally, there are many times when Conrad uses insulting language with regards to the Africans but he also uses language which praises them, so Achebe is not entirely correct when he says that Conrad’s book Heart of Darkness â€Å"parades in the most vulgar fashion prejudices and insults†¦Ã¢â‚¬  In Things Fall Apart one is able to learn about the African religion and at the same time the Western religion is presented to the reader, neither is said to be right nor wrong. The advantages and disadvantages of both religions are expressed to the reader and prejudice is not shown towards either religion. In Heart of Darkness however, only the Western religion is shown and it is not even considered that the African Savages may possibly  have a perfectly good set of morals and a decent religion. One is exposed to the Western religion and it is seen as the be all and end all. The characters in Heart of Darkness are also portrayed to only believe in one certain religion and that religion (christianity) is the â€Å"saviour† of the primitive, savage Africans. For example this can be seen when Conrad writes, † Something like an emissary of light, somethng like a lower sort of apostle†¦ ‘weaning those ignorant millions from their horrid ways,’†¦Ã¢â‚¬ (Heart of Darkness, Penguin Classics 2000, pg 28, line 17). Brantlingers paper further illustrates this as well as shows that this was a Victorian ideal. Hence, with regard to religion the only religion really shown in Heart of Darkness is christianity and it is not questioned or compared to an African religion, as the two religions in Things Fall Apart are. Culture in both Achebe and Conrad’s novels is explored on two fronts : an African front and a Western front. In Things Fall Apart the more dominant culture is of course the African culture. One is introduced to the African Umuofia tribe and thereafter they are presented with the many different cultures and beliefs of that tribe and well some of the other African tribes. In Things Fall Apart, one is also shown a brief view of how the Africans saw and came to be part of Western culture, but one is also shown how the African culture actually contains alot of sense, morals and ethics. It can be seen that African culture it is not simply a group of people shouting out foreign screeches on shore as they are shown in Heart Of Darkness. Furthermore, in Heart of Darkness the Western culture is the dominant one, and in contrast to Things Fall Apart not only is there very little understanding of the other culture (African Culture) but also there seems to be no effort from the characters in Heart of Darkness to even begin to understand or grasp the African culture : â€Å"In the empty immensity of the earth , sky, and water, there she was (the French man-of-war) incomprehensible firing into a continent.† (Heart of Darkness, Penguin Classics 2000, pg 30, line 33) This quote can also be used to illustrate how the colonists were seen as deranged and their culture fickle. The characterisation in the two novels is very different when speaking about  either the Africans of the Westerners. In Things Fall Apart the African is characterised as an intelligent being who has a sense of right and wrong and they contain the makings of Westerner’s human thread; maternal instinct towards one’s child, the drive to succeed, the knowledge of right and wrong, punishment for those who commit crimes, respect for elders etc. Furthermore, in Things Fall Apart the Westerners are portrayed in a fair light, despite their exloitation of the Umuofia tribe and their ideas are taken into consideration and the benifits are thaught about†¦ this shows the Umuofia to be logical and fair people. Whereas in Heart of Darkness the Westerners are the only ones who are considered to be intelligent, despite them also being shown as impure and unfair : â€Å"hairdresser’s dummy† (Heart of Darkness, Penguin Classics 2000, pg 36, line31) and â€Å"I let hi m run on, this papier-mache Mephistopheles, and it seemed to me that if I tried I could poke my forefinger through him, and would find nothing inside but a little loose dirt, maybe.† The Africans in Heart Of Darkness are not portrayed as humans, rather they’re seen as animals, but at the same time they can also be seen as more human than the imhumane colonists because they are compassionate and they aren’t empty inside (refer to â€Å"I let him run on†¦Ã¢â‚¬  above). The Africans are also seen as the underdogs being destroyed by the white men who only care for money. Overall in Things Fall Apart, the portrayal of the Africans in is that they’re humans with morals and a good steady culture and the portrayal of the Westerners is that they’re also human with morals and their own culture. In Heart of Drakness, the Africans are weak, primitive savages victimised by the strong, impure White man with no moral fibre. The links between the books Things Fall Apart and Heart of Darkness can be seen as a trend throughout Booke’s and Brantlinger’s Papers. Both find that in our societies there are certain ideas associated with Africa; namely darkness, mystery, savagery, unenlightenment, lack of intelligence and resourses as well as good solid religion and moral fibre, and finally the idea that Africa infects the rest of the world with all its dark and dangerous qualities. Each day these ideas are passed through our brains and drummed into our heads, to such a degree that the majority of us no longer question their being right or wrong. Achebe found that in Heart of Darkness,  Conrad discussed and displayed these racist ideals in extreme amounts and Achebe felt the racism Conrad openly showed was unacceptable. Surely society played a role in this uneducated assumption made about Africa and its people when it allowed for such racist ideals to be printed in the everyday press. In Conclusion it can be asid that Achebe did have reason for his opposition to Heart of Drakness and its portrayal of Africa and Africans. It must be considered, however, that perhaps Conrad’s unintentional racism was simply the product of ignorance. He was incorrect in conveying the Africans as savages, but at the time the book was written Conrad was probably blinded by his society and its stereotypes. Furthermore, his true intention in Heart of Darkness was to show the Westerners lack of moral fibre by contrasting them against the Africans and showing how the Westerners exploited the Africans. Achebe’s description of Conrad as a â€Å"thoroughgoing racist† in â€Å"An Image of Africa : Racism in Conrad’s Heart of Darkness† was not entirely true. Conrad did include some racism in Heart of Drakness but it was not intentional and it was certainly not extreme enough to call him a â€Å"thoroughgoing racist†.

Setting a Resolution at New Years Eve

Setting a Resolution at New Years Eve The end of the year is approaching and a new one is about to begin. Every year, thousands of people make New Years Resolutions and every year, thousands of people break them before the month of January is up. Do you want to stick to yours this year but youre not sure how? Fundamentals of Setting and Keeping Your Resolution Prioritize There may be several goals you wish to achieve, but the year only has 365 days and depending on how big the goals and how distant your starting point, you may need to save some things for next year. Assess what you need to change the most and prioritize that. It can be fun to create a fantasy list that includes traveling the world, running a marathon and becoming a French chef, but it will be easier for you to actually keep your resolution if you prioritize. Be positive Maybe this past year hasnt been such a great year for you. Youre not the first or the last person to have a bad year. But that doesnt mean that next year cant be better. Resolutions are about hope and about having the will to change and to achieve. Start with a positive attitude by making positive statements. Instead of: Stop ruining my health with cigarettes. Try: Honor my body and my health by living a smoke-free life. Instead of: Stop dating losers. Try: Start dating people who contribute positively to my life. Instead of: Quit my miserable job. Try: Land a great job that pays well and makes me look forward to going to work every morning. Keeping your resolutions positive and free from self-punishment will make you feel better about working towards them. Write Down When and Where Youll Begin Make a commitment to your resolution by making a â€Å"contract† and writing down the details of when youll begin. Writing something down has a power of its own. It makes the resolution less of a fantasy and more of a reality. Have a Plan If you want to find a great partner, sign up for a dating site or ask friends if they know anyone who would be right for you. If you want to run a marathon, research training schedules and figure out when youre going to get your miles in. If youre looking for a better job, start researching for work and sending out resumes. If you need a good resume you can ask our experts to write it for you. Dont expect your resolution to magically happen without any planning on your part. Be Realistic Dont expect it to be easy to keep your resolution. Patterns, habits and addictions arent easy to break. Realize that there will be bumps and challenges along the way. Anticipating them will make it easier for you to work through tough periods with success. Make a Joint Resolution With a Friend Some goals have to be realized alone while others can be shared with a friend. If you want to run a marathon and you also have a friend who shares this dream, see if theyre willing to share this resolution with you. Having someone else to be accountable to makes it easier for you to keep your commitment. If your friend is waiting for you to jog around the park with them at 5 am and you hit snooze, the consequences will be more dire than if you were doing it alone. It not only holds you accountable, but having someone share the rough patches with you can also help motivate you to keep going. Youll be able to take turns supporting each other when the other one wants to quit. Enjoy the Ride There will be high points and victories along the way too. Dont forget that. Meeting a goal is a great feeling, so make sure you celebrate and enjoy those experiences when you have them. Reward yourself Knowing you have a reward waiting for you at the end of your year can serve as a great motivator. It can also help you honor the work youve done by allowing yourself the reward you deserve when you meet your goal. Whatever your resolution for next year, stay positive, work through the rough patches and give yourself the reward you deserve for your victories. Good luck and Happy New Year!

Aesthetic Domain Essays

Aesthetic Domain Essays Aesthetic Domain Paper Aesthetic Domain Paper The domain that interests me the most is the aesthetic domain. The aesthetic domain is the appreciation of the arts and enjoyment of sensory experiences. I believe art is an important part to learning and expands the imagination and creation of a child. Art allows children to express feelings, thoughts and creativity. Although every domain is imperative to a child’s education, I believe the aesthetic domain ranks as one of the most important domains. When the aesthetic domain is compared to the other five domains, it is not considered â€Å"essential† to education, but â€Å"beneficial†. Fine arts are often phased out of curriculum because of the lack of time, no money and little learning potential. I believe it is very important to incorporate all areas of fine arts in the classroom, such as, theatre, visual, dance and music. Children who have developed the appreciation of arts will notice beauty in cultural artifacts and communications and in the natural environment, look at and respond to works of visual art, look at and respond to works of visual art, and listen and respond to different kinds of music. There are several activities that can be incorporated in the classroom to teach the appreciation of the arts, for example, class demonstrations, picture books and story time, class discussions, show and tell, field trips and videos. The aesthetic domain consists of different stages which each child will experience at each age. The first stage is the stage of creative representation. Children between the ages of 2 and 4 use scribbling as their creative representation, which is a disordered and controlled. From the ages 4 and 7, representational preschematics by symbols are used. Children between the ages of 7 and 9, use a schematic approach, which is highly, individualized, visual symbols. The main focus when incorporating aesthetics into curriculum is to promote creativity. A few strategies teachers may use to promote creativity are to direct hands-on time with materials, demonstrate new techniques, show and discuss pictures of real objects, encourage imagining, use nonverbal reinforcement, connect creative experiences to a concept, promote motivational dialogue, give visual examples of quality art and beautiful craftsmanship and come up with a  role-play idea. Another important aspect of teaching the aesthetic domain in curriculum is for teachers to have quality strategies. If a teacher is not using appropriate strategies, when incorporating aesthetics in the classroom, it may portray a lot of misconstrued information and confusion to the children. A teacher must model aesthetic awareness and enthusiasm and prepare an aesthetics-friendly classroom environment. A teacher must also select appropriate music supporting materials and organize an art center or â€Å"creation station† with appropriate materials for arts and crafts that have already been explored by the teacher before asking the children to use them. Providing a variety of creative movement props and props for dramatics is also an important strategy. More strategies include teaching children to respect and care for materials, motivating creativity through a variety of strategies and valuing all aspects of the creative expression process. A teacher should avoid making a product when demonstrating a technique to the class and begin each movement experience with a similar routine warm-up and end with a similar cool down. Most importantly, a teacher should accept children’s own ideas for creative movement, use questions to describe, analyze and evaluate art, avoid reinforcing only a realistic approach and to involve all of the children in the arts. There are several projects and activities a teacher can incorporate in the curriculum to encourage the children to express the aesthetic domain. Teachers can use songs to teach literacy or having the children create songs about a topic. Children may also be encouraged to use musical instruments. Teac hers may also use poems, puppets and fingerplays, as well as listening to taped stories or guest speakers. Children can have their own book making experience or create paintings or other arts and crafts as well. The aesthetic domain is detrimental to the education of our young people and can bring out many different educational skills of a child once they are allowed to freely express and explore themselves. Resources songsforteaching.com/teachertips.htm

Health communication- SWOT analysis Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Health communication- SWOT analysis - Essay Example Articulate: Another significant strength in me is my eloquence. I properly articulate my words and ensure that all points reach home. My mastery of the English language is one key contributor to my eloquence. Each and every time I talk to any patient, I see them nod their head indicating that they truly understand whatever I am saying. I think my use of simple language also helps me in talking to the non-native speakers of the language thus creating easier understanding to the patients. Compulsive: one of the greatest strength of mine is my irrationality and compulsive. I am always a driven and uncontrollable whenever I give orders and directions. It helps in strengthening my communication besides my leadership skills. Time pressure: I am one person who cannot work effectively when pressurized. I easily get tensed when harassed and can do a lot of mistakes. Again my sluggish nature in my daily dealings also leads to these mistakes ones time is up. Can be impatient; in as much as I may say that I have good listening skills, a times I find myself very impatient. It really occurs when a patient may be sluggish in his communication and tends to talk too slowly due to their sickness. I would constantly yawn and show signs of impatience and end up getting nothing at all from the patient thus use my own assumptions. To receive proper coaching on communication skills: It would help me improve the weaknesses and develop new strengths in my career. Learning is a continuous process and is constant in their person’s life. I would highly recommend some personal coaching either part-time or full time coaching. To acquire and learn other skills from other workmates who perform the same roles in the work place. It would assist me develop confidence in myself and come up with new ideas and skills in the same field. Malty lingual: there is a new tendency of people who either speak French or Arabic seeks for my attention. It is a great threat to my career since I will

Quantitative and Academic skills in learning Economics Assignment

Quantitative and Academic skills in learning Economics - Assignment Example Economics is a comprehensive that studies various aspects of the society and is divided into a number of branches explicitly, microeconomics, macroeconomics, normative, positive economics etc. In the past two decades the erudition of economics has been revolutionized and its theories and ideas have been applied to various other sciences and areas. Importance of Studying Economics Since the end of cold war and rise of capitalism Economics has been of the areas of study apart from nuclear physics and banking that has been greatly emphasized and a lot of importance has been attached to its research and study. Globalization of markets and rising populations have intensified the economic problem i.e. resources are scarce, and have forced the policy makers into making deeper inroads into the subject and extracting various ways of looking at an economy. Thus in the past few decades this extremely vital social science has immensely affected politics, culture, ethics, religion, social institutions and society at large. Hence with the degree of impact the subject has had on the world economy lately, it has seriously attracted the interest of the youth and the number of people enrolling for business majors and specifically Economics has significantly increased. Skills that hold critical importance in studying Economics Economics is a comprehensive subject that deals with the major issues of the world economy and unlike various other subjects incorporates the economic principles into a number of other areas in order to develop policies for a greater benefit and an effective utilization of the sparse resources. In order to this a wide array of skills is considered to be necessary in order to accomplish these tasks. Some of the extremely important skills that are required for the comprehensive study of the subject are the Qualitative and Analytical Skills. Quantitative Skills Economics is one of the few subjective areas that incorporate a huge amount of quantitative methods in order to explicate its concepts. It is an analytical subject that has a strong quantitative base and utilizes a great deal of mathematical and statistical tools to demonstrate economic phenomenon. Though economists do no use mathematics deliberately but a number of tool shave become extremely vital in order to attain the goal of understanding. Graphical representation of situations is one of the most common tools that is being extensively utilized in various concepts of micro as well as macro economics. Demand and Supply one of the extremely important and core theory of Economics revolves around the graphical representation of cases and quantitative modeling. Despite the fact that economic explanation underlines these graphs and models a certain degree of mathematical acumen is tremendously vital to comprehend the trends. Moreover the use of statistical models is a common for understanding other critical concepts like inflation and unemployment. These skills are extremely important to undertake the course and will be further transferred to the job market on completing the study of the subject. Analytical Skills By virtue of being a science Economist attaches serious importance to the need of analytical skills in order to comprehend the economic theories. As explained in the previous section that economic concepts pivot on the quantitative methods for the purpose of demonstration of a concept and its practical application. Similarly economic problems and cases are

Computer Hardware, Systems Software & Networking Essay

Computer Hardware, Systems Software & Networking - Essay Example U) and its associated registers that hold the data that is being operated upon and a memory area referred to as Random access memory (RAM) in which any memory location can be read or written upon. The CPU is capable of differentiating the type of content that is stored in memory i.e. whether they are instructions or data. Schematic presentation of the sequential architecture can be exhibited by the figure on the left. A raster graphic is created by combining many small points of information. An easy way to think of a raster graphic is to picture an image in a comic book that is made up of many small dots of color. Depending on the number of dots, the quality of the picture is determined. The raster graphic arrangement can also be referred to as an arrangement of an array of pixels that combine to display an image. A vector graphic is also a picture but the information is communicated in another way. To use another childish example, a vector graphic is like a dot-to-dot. It uses geometrical primitives such points, lines, curves and shapes or polygons which are all based on mathematical equations to represent images. Thus, it has important points that determine what the picture will look like. In Flash, we create vector graphics when we turn pictures into symbols. Since the computer only has to store the information about the key points in the graphic, the size of these images is much smaller than that of a raster graphic which stores information about each individual point. For conversion to Hexa decimal we have to make groups of 4 digits. For integer portion the orientation is right to left with padded zeros on the left most sides. For fractional portion the orientation of grouping is reversed ie from right to left considering point (.) as origin. The chart is given as reference. 6. Reduced instruction set computers provide a large number of general-purpose registers and very few memory access instructions. Most instructions use registers instead of

Lord Byron’s Don Juan Essay Example for Free

Lord Byron’s Don Juan Essay Lord Byron’s Don Juan is a satirical poem that offers a seemingly comical and serious outlook of sexuality. In three different sexual relations in three different places, the events that surround Don Juan are both laughable and questionable. From an early affair with Donna Julia, to an innocently, beautiful engagement with Haidee and finally an unfulfilled and avoided relation with the Sultana Gulbeyaz, Don Juan escapes through the clutches of love with shattered innocence, a broken heart and near fatal eroticism. â€Å"As Byron’s satiric genius developed, it tended to employ less and less of the traditional axe-swinging of the neoclassic satirists and to approach more and more the mocking and ironic manner of the Italian burlesque poetsFinally, when his satiric genius had fully ripened, Byron found complete expression in serious and social satire† (Trueblood, 19). From an early age, Don Juan was destined to wander through a maze of sexuality. One can see this unfolding by merely looking at his parent’s marriage. Let us first look at Don Juan’s parents, Don Jose and Donna Inez. Byron presents the couple ironically and comically. Donna Inez, â€Å"morality’s prim personification perfect past all parallel† (Byron, I, 16-17), still is not good enough for Don Jose. A man with a greater concern for women than knowledge, Don Jose is not a particularly admirable father figure. He lacks respect for his wife, and â€Å"like a lineal son of Eve, /Went plucking various fruits without her leave† (Byron, I, 18). This allusion to Don Jose being a son of Eve is somewhat accurate and satirical. Like Eve, he is careless and unaware of the consequences of his actions. However, as Eve’s son, the offspring of God’s beautiful creation, Don Jose is given holy qualities. He cannot be blamed for his actions, and for a long time, Donna Inez blinds herself from his wrongdoings and maintains their marital status. Their relationship is practically pointless; a mother and father that wished each other dead, not divorced. The unification of Don Jose and Donna Inez is a comical union. â€Å"What men call gallantry, and gods adultery, / Is much more common where the climate’s sultry† (Byron, I, 63). The two reach a point where they canno t stand each other, yet for some reason, they stay together. At the same time, marital disputes and infidelity make for no laughing matter. They were, and continue to be, problems for couples all around the world. Byron depicts Don Jose and Donna Inez at each other’s throats, but still sleeping side by side. To further solidify ironic humour, when their divorce inevitably approaches, Don Jose falls ill and dies. His death right before getting divorced symbolizes the death of marriage. Byron might be poking fun at the fact that more and more marriages end in divorce, and that the fire shared by ‘soul mates’ typically burns out. Despite being an unfaithful and uncaring father, the narrator paradoxically calls Don Jose an honourable man. The death of the father creates increased duties for the mother. Donna Inez decides to enlighten Don Juan with the teachings of art and sciences, but in doing so, neglects teaching him the basic facts of life. Someone uniformed about basic life necessities is at risk of not knowing how to act and react to certain situations. Though Don Juan does not attempt to manipulate those around him, his lack of direction leads him to being a victim of a harsh, unforgiving world. â€Å"Ladies even of the most uneasy virtue / Prefer a spouse whose age is short of thirty† (Byron, I, 61). This is a bold statement from the narrator, but it is certainly the case for Donna Julia, Donna Inez’s friend. She falls for the young and handsome Don Juan when he turns sixteen, though her affection started before then. Donna Julia is seven years older than Don Juan. Her love for the young lad is both comic and paedophilic. Donna Julia unsuccessfully resists temptation, and eventually takes Juan’s innocence and sends him along a path of sexual confusion. As the narrator states: â€Å"Even innocence itself has many a wile / And will not dare to trust itself with truth, / And love is taught hypocrisy from youth† (Byron, I, 72). Her inability to resist Don Juan is satirical for he is sexually inexperienced. Being sexually unsatisfied, one would think Donna Julia would pursue a lover with sexual experience. Her longing for such a young man is bizarre a nd questionable. â€Å"Byron seems to the think temptation integral to creation, and fall the inevitable consequence of temptation† (Ridenour, 29). For Don Juan, an impending relationship with Donna Julia is most appealing, but in turn, it is the start of spiralling, sexual journey. â€Å"Oh pleasure, you’re indeed a pleasant thing, / Although one must be damned for you no doubt† (Byron, I, 119). Unfortunate consequences of plentiful pleasure tend to follow Don Juan around. His romance with Donna Julia is of short lived passion. One November night, Don Alfonso’s suspicions reach a new height and he confronts Donna Julia in her suite. The season is significant; November represents the conclusion of fall and an approaching winter. The trees lose their leaves, plants and shrubs dwindle and the days get shorter and colder. These events can be compared to Don Juan and Donna Julia’s relationship, as its fire is extinguished by an upset Don Alfonso. â€Å"Man is chained to cold earth and is able to alleviate his sufferings only by his own efforts – by love and glory and, as we learn in the second sta nza, by poetry. This very poem is presented as an attempt to give color, form, warmth to a world naturally colorless, indefinite and chill† (Ridenour, 33). This thought can also be applied to Donna Julia, who was brightening her world with the young Don Juan. Though she promised Don Alfonso to never disgrace the ring she wore, she falls victim to the fact that â€Å"pleasure’s a sin and sometimes sin’s a pleasure† (Byron, I, 133). Donna Julia acts like a double-edged sword when confronted by Don Alfonso. She gets upsets by his unfaithful accusations, while the whole time, Don Juan is hidden beneath a pile of clothes. â€Å"Satire was Byron’s natural and habitual response to censure and injury† (Trueblood, 20). In the end, Donna Julia is left emotionally hurt and displaced, while Don Juan barely escapes from a physical punishment. Don Alfonso is left betrayed, deceived and not knowing where to turn. The first canto ends with the same disheartened feeling: â€Å"All things that have been born were born to die, / And flesh (which Death mows down to hay) is grass† (Byron, I, 220). The allusion of De ath mowing the grass of life is comic and serious. Humans age from year to year and their health eventually deteriorates. The same can be said of Don Juan’s sexual relations. â€Å"In Don Juan, Byron uses almost every possible variation of epic tone, from the frivolous to the almost entirely serious† (Clancy, 63). The tone takes a turn for the worse when Juan is involved in a shipwreck. He manages to get aboard a longboat and escape the capsizing ship. Juan’s luck only lasts so long for his tutor, who boards the longboat only to be eaten several days later. Just when Juan appears on the brink of death, he floats to safety clutching an oar. The oar can be seen as an obvious phallic symbol, and in turn, it leads Juan to his first true love, Haidee. â€Å"Amidst the barren sand and rocks so rude / She and her wave-worn love had made their bower† (Byron, II, 198). The setting of their relationship is perfect, for it is both beautiful and dangerous. â€Å"As Byron is careful to point out, it is here, on a coast whose perils have been repeatedly emphasized, that the peculiarly harmonious and ideal love of Juan and Haidee is consummatedâ₠¬  (Ridenour, 44). The love of Juan and Haidee has a quality of magnificence which Don Juan and Donna Julia lacked. The two are portrayed as soul mates that happened upon each other. They were brought together in a stroke of luck and when their union is denied â€Å"the power of love sours to lust, sex hatred and leering prudishness. What is true love is equally true of the other passionsThe attempt to contain the passions and stop the flow of life always defeats itself in some manner. This is the particular form which the standard satiric plot takes in Don Juan† (Kernan, 93). Though Haidee and Juan were meant for each other, Lambro interferes and puts an end to their relationship. He ruins the purity of love, which had ironically been washed up on a beach. Lambro puts Juan into slavery, and furthermore, causes his daughter’s coma and eventual death. Had he accepted the unification of Juan and Haidee, life in general would have been happier, gayer. Violence and disorder lurk behind tranquility and harmony, and the tranquil and harmonious are fated inevitably to dissolve again in the violent and chaotic. This is an immutable law of Byron’s world. Haidee was, â€Å"Nature’s bride† (Byron, II, 202), and the love she shared with Juan is contrasted in its naturalness with the unnatural situation of woman in society. Their union is almost an act of natural religion. (Ridenour). Mary Grant places Don Juan â€Å"among the different kinds of humor, the mild and pervasive type of Socratic irony, subtle in its half-laughter and half-earnestness, harmonized best with the ease of affability of the sermo, its change of tone from grave to gay, its arts in the absence of art† (Ridenour,10). Don Juan is brought to a slave market in Constantinople and bought by a eunuch for the Sultana, Gulbeyaz. The eunuch, Baba, can be seen as a sinister and dangerous character. â€Å"The technique of associating the subject to be ridiculed with sexual impotence is, of course, a traditional one; but the connection between impotence and lust for power exists on a much deeper level than that of mere invective† (Ridenour, 12). Baba’s sexual life has been obliterated, and his condition foreshadows a drastic change to Don Juan. This is fulfilled when he is brought to the palace and immediately dressed in woman’s clothing. Juan’s gender rearrangement is ironic, and turns bizarre when Gulbeyaz demands him to make love to her. As he is still in mourning for losing Haidee, Juan refuses and bursts into tears. â€Å"In the accounts of his [Juan’s] relations with women, he is not made to appear heroic or even dignified; and these impress us as having an ingredien t of the genuine as well as of the make-believe† (Eliot, 97). His actions at first infuriate the Sultana, then she feels compassion, and eventually she cries. Juan is displaced from a man to a weeping woman, while Gulbeyaz turns from a demanding woman to an apathetic female. Communication between the two is short lived as the sultan approaches the castle. Upon seeing Juan, the sultan states: â€Å"I see you’ve bought another girl; ‘tis pity / That a mere Christian should be half so pretty† (Byron, V, 155). The sultan, who has four wives and undoubtedly several mistresses, comes off as a fool for not noticing that Juan is a male. We can laugh at his blindness, but at the same time, one can only wonder what else he does not see. In Canto I we have the amusing account of the genealogy of Don Juan. Then there is a description of the first of Juan’s amours, the Julia episode. Canto II continues Juan’s adventures, including his shipwreck and subsequent love affair with Haidee. In Cantos III and IV the passionate roma nce of Haidee and Juan comes to its tragic end and Juan is soon embroiled in the ludicrous seraglio escapade which occupies the whole of Canto V and is concluded in Canto VI (Trueblood, 5). Through these episodes, Byron uses satire to portray sexuality in a comical and serious manner. â€Å"The poem is a satire on the romantic cult of passion and on the natural man whose passions are his only guide from his proper woes† (Clancy, 53). Don Juan is sent on a rollercoaster of sexuality: paedophilic love, true love ending in a broken heart and then a confusing, uncertain relation. Through hardships and endeavours, Don Juan comes out a stronger man. From the first six cantos, one can conclude that â€Å"love, which should be a means of overcoming self, of living in and for another person, is itself egotistic. The remedy merely aggravates the disorder. It is the same paradox which, in other terms, we have met so often before† (Ridenour, 75). The comedic yet serious portrayal of sexuality makes Don Juan one of the greatest satires even written.